How They Work: Bisphosphonates are anti-resorptive agents that slow down the process by which bone is broken down (resorption), allowing bone to rebuild and become denser over time.
Alendronate (Fosamax): Typically taken once weekly or daily in pill form.
Risedronate (Actonel): Available in daily, weekly, or monthly doses.
Zoledronic Acid (Reclast): Given as an intravenous infusion once a year.
^ The above are dependant on GP/specialist and PBS criteria met.
Most common reported side effects: Gastrointestinal issues (heartburn, nausea), osteonecrosis of the jaw (rare), atypical femoral fractures.
How It Works: Denosumab is a monoclonal antibody that reduces bone resorption by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts (cells that break down bone). It is an anti-resorptive agent.
Dosage: Given as a subcutaneous injection every six months.
Benefits: Increases bone density, reduces the risk of spine, hip, and other fractures.
Side Effects: Can include skin infections, low calcium levels, and rare cases of osteonecrosis of the jaw. Additional effects include atypical femoral fractures and BMD regression if time of injection or cessation of medication occurs.
How It Works: Estrogen replacement therapy helps maintain bone density by reducing bone resorption, particularly in postmenopausal women.
Benefits: Effective in preventing bone loss and reducing the risk of fractures.
Side Effects: mixed side effects
How It Works: Romosozumab is an anabolic agent that works by blocking sclerostin, a protein that inhibits bone formation. It increases bone formation and decreases bone resorption.
Dosage: Administered as a monthly injection for 12 months.
Benefits: Builds bone mass and reduces the risk of fractures, especially in the spine.
Role: adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D is essential for the effectiveness of osteoporosis treatments. They help support bone health and maximise the benefits of other medications.
Dosage: Often prescribed in conjunction with other treatments, the usual recommended daily intake is 1000–1300 mg of calcium and 1000–2000 IU of vitamin D.
Individualis ed Approach: The choice of medication depends on factors such as the severity of osteoporosis, age, gender, fracture history, and other health conditions.
Monitoring: Bone density is typically monitored with DEXA scans every 1–2 years to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment.
At Perth Osteoporosis and Bone Health, please note we are not affiliated with any medical companies and cannot prescribe or cease any medications that your GP or medical specialist has provided.